CFOh

Reefdepot, Aquarium Artist, Iwarna & MASS setup.....

Reef Systems... Nice schooling tangs setup....

House Rabbit Society Singapore

Early morning ~10+am

Some snapshot taken during Exposition on HariRaya days....First of all... Wishing all, Selamat Hari Raya Aidil Fitri. Have a Great Long Weekend...

Another Rare scene on Schooling Marbled Rays

Courtship behavior in southern stingrays

yellow sting rays courtship scene

Breeding of the Raspy river stingray Potamotrygon scobina by Rayman from monsterfishkeepers.com Potamotrygon scobina is one of the smaller freshwater stingrays, size ranging from 10" to 20" (25 - 50 cm) diskwidth depending on origin. The habitat of this species is from Manaus downstream in the Amazon and Pará and their tributaries. The origin of the small morph that I have breed is Rio Xingú and this variant reaches only 10" to 14" (25 - 35 cm) diskwidth (the rays from Xingu are now called orbignyi variant by scientist). These are very active rays and it is fantastic to observe them cruising through the tank. This species prefers a water temperature in the range of 81 - 86°F (27 – 30°C) and is very sensitive against nitrite (NO2). If the nitrite level exceed 0.025 ppm these rays do not eat well. So a well cycled large biofilter is needed, I use Siporax as filter media. My breeding pair, (male 10.4" (26 cm) and female 12" (30 cm) diskwidth) houses in a 80" x 24" x 24" (200 x 60 x 60 cm) tank; water change is 40% per week. The tap water is treated with activated charcoal before use. My water parameters are: Temperature 81 - 86°F (27 – 30°C) pH 7.6 NO3 < 30 ppm hardness 180 ppm CaCO3 conductivity 460 µS/cm P. scobina has a relative small mouth, so I cut larger food items in smaller pieces. My pair feeds on bloodworms, Canadian nightcrawler, fish, mussel, shrimp and krill. I feed the adult rays once per day. First food for new imported P. scobina should be live food as nightcrawler or fresh dead fish. My P. scobina only hunt very small fishes like cardinal tetra. Sometimes it takes some weeks until they accept a new kind of food. If well fed these rays mature at an age of 18 months. For breeding attempts it is best to use a female that is larger than the male to avoid damages during the mating process. Mating and birth occurs mostly at night. Mating season starts, the male bites the female They swim together, the male bite the female during the whole mating process They mate at the ground, male upside down. Young female with injuries from the male. They were together for a long time and nothing happened, then overnight this. I seperate her immediately and she recovered. Pregnant female, 5 weeks after mating the first movement of the embryo can be observed Pregnancy last for 90–120 days, litter size is 1–4, the diskwidth of the pups is 2.8" to 4" (7–10 cm). During the pregnancy the female need more food than usual, because freshwater stingrays are matrotrophic vivipar, that means they are livebearer and the female provides additional nourishment to the embryos. This happens via secretion of so called “uterine milk” through trophonemata (long filaments from the uterus wall which secrete a nutritive fluid). P. scobina give birth Immediately after birth the male want to mate, bottom left a newborn pup Female with pup The day after birth I separate the pups in a smaller tank. This tank is in the same circulation system as the main tank (same filtration system), so the water conditions are exactly the same as in the main tank. The pups start to feed 1-3 days after birth, I feed them blood worms 3 times per day. Most time of the day they are buried in the sand, at night they are more active. Scobina pups feed on bloodworms They grow with a rate of approximately 1 cm per month. One of my captive breed females reached sexuell maturity at a age of 18 months and a size of 10" (25 cm) diskwidth, one male matured with only 8" (20 cm) diskwidth. Bunch of pups age six months Mature captive breed scobina female two years old

More pics on cuttlefish mating scene..

The Racers sexual maturity ~5 to 10 days.... Sexual maturity in manta rays depends on size rather than age: the males are ready to reproduce when they are about four metres in length and the females about 4.8 metres. During the courting phase, the rays move rapidly in the water, with one or several males chasing a female for 20 to 30 minutes. Competition makes the males very aggressive as they vie for the same mate. One male will eventually nip the tip of either of the female's pectoral fins, severely impairing her swimming. He will then move to her ventral surface and inserts one of his claspers into her cloaca, thereby mating belly-to-belly; the male may hold onto the female's pectoral fin for several minutes after removing his clasper, after which both rays go their own way. pics by Bo Pardau, Asian Divers Mag

Re-sized for you... Cheers and Happy Reefing...

Letters To Juliet Trailer (2010)

The Hole in 3D Trailer (2010)

Above available @ Omnitheatre http://www.omnitheatre.com.sg/movies54_Sea%20Rex%20%96%20Journey%20To%20A%20Prehistoric%20World.aspx

Probably can consider Korallen Zucht’s product like Zeozym/CoralSnow for red slime.... http://glassbox-design.com/2008/korallen-zucht-zeozym/ Cheers

Image re-sized.. Cheers...

That's shuttle bus from morning 9AM to 5PM every hour interval.. If not forgotten the fee is Sing $2 for whole day trip provided your plan properly.... They can bring you to LCK201.. But for Coral Farm I believe you need to walk via LCK Lane 6? (check with driver).. And to discuss with driver about next pickup time and venue.... they are super helpful... Or you can take Bus 925 on Sat/Sun only and to LCK201 only... note* Weekday shorter route... Cheers...

Sea Rex 3D: Journey to a Prehistoric World - IMAX 3D (Official) (2010)

Most of them not easy... In general, they r scavenger and take note some of them r none reef safe too... pls refer to below reference link before purchase.... Generally, linckia and Marble Star fish r quite popular... Probably due to nice color and pattern.. but not sure how long is the survivor rate? Base on "Marine 'Invertebrates' by Dr. RONALD L. SHIMEK" suggested Max ~2 years in captivity.. Starfish (liveaquaria) : Saltwater Sea Stars, Brittle Starfish and Red Sea Star Starfish (FAQ) WetWebMedia Cheers and Happy Reefing..

Pics on bigfin reef squids mating and spawning scene.. pics by Tony Wu

SouthEast Facing Homes in Period 8 (2004 - 2023) SouthEast 1: SouthEast 2 or SouthEast 3: Pls refer to post #25 for direction chart...

East Facing Homes in Period 8 (2004 - 2023) East 1: East 2 or East 3: Pls refer to post #25 for direction chart...

Cuttlefish-Salthill Beach Galway 3 cuttlefish in shallow water who seem to be mateing or competing for a mate?

More pics on cuttlefish mating scene.. Baby Bandensis cuttlefish inside the egg. Photo, Mike Irving & Richard Ross