Harlequinmania

Click through to see the images. Here is a video of the Genicanthus personatus back in the summer of 2010. Cute lil' sucker! Read more about this specimen (along with more beautiful photos and a video) at GlassboxDesign. And here is the new video by Blue Harbor. It is extremely rewarding to see the specimen doing well and growing quickly. For rare fish aficionados, look out for Bodianus sanguiness, Chaetodon daedalma, and a trio of Apolemichthys arcuatus. View the full article

Are u running a chiller or fan to chill the water?

i think the dosing pump is currently out of stocks. Maybe respond too good ? Ordered mine and stocks only arrive next month. Better to call him or sms him as he dont check PM often as far as i know lol

Cod and other groundfish populations off the east coast of Canada are showing signs of recovery more than 20 years after the fisheries collapsed in the early 1990s, according to new research. View the full article

Cod and other groundfish populations off the east coast of Canada are showing signs of recovery more than 20 years after the fisheries collapsed in the early 1990s, according to new research. View the full article

Thanks for the support. Few more days before closing.

Opps.. Sorry that i miss that lol. By the look and workmanship of the tank, i guess the tank is from Vincent Aquarium artist ?

Hi Scuba Boy, welcome to SRC, i hope to be able to help you on your question by answering below; 1) If you are keeping coral , the salinity should be 1.023 & Above . 2) I think the filter which you mention are the RO/DI water filter . It is used to produce "Pure water" for salt mix which is safe for your tank. 3) Reefmax addictive serve its purposes to help maintain the tank's parameter . All addictive is the almost the same except for the brand / price and very must depend on personal preferences. 4) the basic test kits you should get is N02 and ammonia for a fish only system, and additional test kit for Ca,mg,KH, and N03 for a reef tank. 5) If the coral start to turn white or not opening, it mean it is dieing or unhealthy . 6)You can either feed your coral by "Target feed" or simply pour inside your tank. The coral will respond better if you switch off your filter / skimmer during feeding to prevent your foods being skim out. There is Tons of information available in this forum , you can simply do some research by using our search function. Doing more research before your purschase will help you to become a smart consumer

Nice looking tank . you are not running a skimmer ?

Great article . thanks for sharing

Click through to see the images. Background </h3>According to current theories, three variables explain why some corals are more tolerant to higher temperatures than others: Genetic basis Type of Symbiodinium (zooxanthellae symbiont) a coral harbors Environmental acclimatization/adaptation <h3>The HFLD study Past research has mostly focused on the first two variables. Earlier this year, researchers from Hopkins Marine Station (at Stanford University) took advantage of the diverse back-reef lagoon pools of the American Samoa to conduct an experiment to focus on the latter two variables. In the American Samoa, some pools exhibit thermally variable temperature swings (temp range 25.0–35C), while others exhibited more thermally moderate diurnal variation (26.5–33.3C). The researchers collected fragments of Acropora hyacinthus (a popular tabling SPS for reefkeepers) from these pools and "compared mortality and photosystem II photochemical efficiency of colony fragments [when] exposed to ambient temperatures (median:28.0C/82.4F) or elevated temperatures (median: 31.5C/88.7F)." The study found that corals collected from the variable pools showed low mortalities when held at elevated temperatures, statistically indistinguishable from controls held at ambient temperatures. Corals from the variable pools all hosted the heat-resistant clade of Symbiodinium. On the other hand, corals from the moderate pools had a 50% mortality rate at the elevated temperatures, regardless of whether they hosted heat-sensitive or heat-resistant symbionts. Graph of mortality rates at elevated temperatures. Note: Sym. D are heat-resistant zooxanthallae. Sym. C2 are heat-sensitive. Corals from moderate pools with heat-sensitive symbionts showed rapid rates of decline in algal photosystem II photochemical efficiency. Corals from moderate pools and heat-resistant symbionts showed intermediate decline, while corals from variable pools with heat-resistant symbionts showed the lowest levels of decline. In other words, corals with heat-resistant zooxanthallae from either pools were better at dealing with heat stress, but those from the variable pool handled high temperatures the best. The Cliff Notes: Corals with heat-resistant zooxanthellae and experience high frequency, low duration heating (HFLD) are significantly more resistant to prolonged high temperatures. The study states: Examination of gene expression after HFLD events has provided key insights into the mechanisms by which model systems acclimatize to their environment (Walton and Pringle 1980; Feder 1996; Ketola et al. 2004). In other systems, repeated exposure to brief heat pulses may induce constitutive changes that improve tolerance to prolonged temperature stresses, including changes in gene expression of small molecular weight heat shock proteins, membrane fluidity modifiers, and global transcriptional modifiers (Heath et al. 1993; Podrabsky and Somero 2004). The researchers did not conclude how much of a role genes vs. environmental acclimatization play, but the study shows that corals exposed to high frequency, low duration heat stresses are "hardened" to prolonged heat stress. This acclimatization mechanism suggests corals may cope with rising ocean temperatures better than previously thought. The 8000L Coral Farm of Machado de Sousa. A Practical Reefkeeping Application? Corals are able to shift symbionts in the wild - a process called adaptive bleaching. Science is currently unclear whether corals innately harbor different clades of Symbiodinium (switching between dominant symbiont types depending on environment) or whether they adopt new strains of zooxanthallae from the water column. If the former scenario is true or if we are able to culture heat-resistant Symbiodinium strains and introduce them to the water column, it may be possible to "train" corals to cope with prolonged higher temperatures via exposure to controlled HFLD heating. Coral farms, for example, can propagate hardier, heat-resistant corals, all the while reducing energy costs related to cooling and consequently resulting in greater profitability: a textbook win-win scenario for farmer and collector. Hobbyists with mixed reef display aquariums are cautioned against experimenting with HFLD heating on their systems. Your corals may not harbor heat-resistant/tolerant zooxanthellae. If corals adopt new strains of zooxanthallae from the water column, it is unlikely they will do so in captivity because the water column in closed systems are devoid of diversity. Also, your tank's other inhabitants (fish, crustaceans, echinoderms, gastropods, etc.) will suffer from the high frequency dynamic temperature shifts. But the prospects of fostering heat-resistant corals are exciting! </h3><h3> References Oliver, T.A. and Palumbi, S.R. 2011. Do fluctuating temperature environments elevate coral thermal tolerance? Coral Reefs 30: 429-440. Link to the full PDF of the study View the full article

Click through to see the images. Exploratory deep sea reef research gets funding from Seaver Institute University of Hawaiʻi Contact:Margot Schrire, (808) 956-6774 Director of Communications, University of Hawaii FoundationPosted: Jul. 26, 2011 The Seaver Institute has awarded the Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB), School of Ocean & Earth Science and Technology at the University of Hawai‘i at Manoa $100,000 to fund comparative reef research at multiple Pacific locations using advanced rebreather technology. This award and the new dive technology will make it possible for researchers to study previously inaccessible sites. “Coral reefs are among the most diverse and severely threatened ecosystems on Earth,” said Jo-Ann Leong, director, HIMB. “To date reefs have been found up to a depth of at least 165 meters (m) in the Pacific, but only the upper 30 m has been studied. These deeper reefs are largely unexplored because of the limits of scuba technology, so the biodiversity of more than 80% of the depth range of coral-reef habitat remains almost completely unknown. These rich coral habitats are emerging as a strong priority for management agencies and conservation organizations.” To learn more about these rich coral habitats, HIMB's research professor Brian Bowen and Richard Pyle, associate zoologist, database coordinator, and diving safety officer for the Bishop Museum, are embarking on a three-year study using advanced rebreather technology to discover, document and characterize deep coral reefs at three locations across the Pacific Ocean. This study complements a pilot study currently underway in Hawai‘i. These expeditions will allow researchers to record high-definition video, collect specimens for new species documentation and various lab-based analyses, and estimate biodiversity levels. “There are two urgent concerns about how these deep coral reefs serve coastal communities around the world,” said Bowen. “First, they may be refuges that can replenish depleted fisheries and other resources in shallow reefs. Second, because these reefs operate with about 1 percent of surface light, coastal pollution that blocks sunlight may be lethal before we even know they exist.” Bowen concluded, “Funding from the Seaver Institute will help us document this incredible trove of unknown biodiversity, and provide momentum for research and conservation.” Please contact Lisa Ottiger at Lisa.Ottiger@uhfoundation.org or 956-3592 to learn more about supporting HIMB's conservation research. View the full article

I think you are referring to those filter sponge Matt that claim to remove N02 and N03 ? I doubt it will work well, even if it does the effectiveness is limited.

Coral chip will tends to trap more debris as compare to sand.

Finally it is finish. I miss it when i visited there late last year.

You just need to dump your live sand straight into the water. Live sand will cut down your tank cycling time, but it is expensive. Some of us here uses Live sand mixed with normal sand in order to save some money. Aragoniate sand will also help to buffer the water and stabilize your PH in your tank. For live rocks, there are many to choose from in Irwanna/ coral farm or you can also consider buying from reefer who decomm . Happy reefing

For a decade researchers in Seattle have worked to solve the mystery of why adult coho salmon are dying prematurely in urban streams when they return from the ocean to mate and spawn. The researchers have now used models to estimate the potential impact of urban land development on the salmon population in the decades ahead. View the full article

For a decade researchers in Seattle have worked to solve the mystery of why adult coho salmon are dying prematurely in urban streams when they return from the ocean to mate and spawn. The researchers have now used models to estimate the potential impact of urban land development on the salmon population in the decades ahead. View the full article

For years, the copepod Metridia has managed to remain hidden from science. However, this spring, during fieldwork at the Arctic Station, for the very first time researchers succeeded in filming how this constantly feeding little crayfish catches its prey. View the full article

For years, the copepod Metridia has managed to remain hidden from science. However, this spring, during fieldwork at the Arctic Station, for the very first time researchers succeeded in filming how this constantly feeding little crayfish catches its prey. View the full article

Click through to see the images. Life Under the Sun: A Model of Efficiency Have you ever wondered why well-lit corals (such as those found in shallow reefs) exhibit such bright, pastel, translucent colors? Science may have an intriguing answer for us. Australian scientists published a study in PLoS ONE where they conclude that coral skeletons help maximize PAR (photosynthetically active radiation) for their algae symbiont, zooxanthellae, while absorbing harmful ultraviolet radiation. The scientists demonstrated the ability of coral skeletons to absorb UV radiation by placing cnidarians above both a UV reflective surface as well as a substrate of coral skeleton. They then irradiated them with midrange UVR and measured the UV transmission through the tissues of the cnidarians. The scientists discovered that cnidarians placed above coral skeleton measured up to four times less UV radiation than corals placed above the reflective surface. The authors of the study write: "In accordance with the lower levels of UVR measured in cnidarians on top of coral skeletons, a similar drop in UVR damage to their DNA was detected." In addition, the study also discovered coral skeleton emitted UV as yellow fluorescence. The photo on the right shows a Stylophora pistillata skeleton irradiated with mid range UVR and photographed through a UV filter. Furthermore, the scientists discovered coral skeleton reflects visible light (390 to 750 nm) nearly as effectively as the white PTFE reflective surface. In a nutshell, coral skeleton is capable of reducing UVR by as much as a factor of four but still effectively reflect PAR. A coral's thin, translucent epidermis allows light to penetrate all the way to its skeleton ... and for good reason. The skeleton absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation (emitting it as harmless yellow light) while bouncing photosynthetically active radiation back out to their tissue - like an internal reflector - for photosynthesis . Elegant, efficient physiology, wouldn't you agree? View the full article

Each day you can see one or more trucks driving on the G1 Jingha Expressway carry dogs for the slaughterhouse.

Video explodes on internet showing a man and woman pair in Beijing abusing a cat in a puddle, repeatedly pressing the cat under water. OMG http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0vQyK5xKgYY&feature=youtu.be

Irwanna still have 2 adult size PBT and captive breed orchid dotty back together with some LPS corals..

Some find it cute but some find it horrible looking..