Harlequinmania

Oh yea, it is advisable to start running your P04 remover media in a FR during the cycling period as well since you never know your live rock might be leeching..

Click through to see the images. SPS lovers: Make way for new Acropora carduus, A.echinata, A. navinii, A. fenneri, A. rambleri, A. pichoni, et al. maricultured from Bali, Indonesia. We have exciting new photos of these Acropora recently imported by Extreme Corals. The colors and growth forms are outstanding, and the "frag" sizes are really more like small colonies (as often is the case with maricultured corals). Perhaps the best news is maricultured ("sea-farmed") corals are sustainable. Advanced Aquarist thanks Extreme Corals for sharing this information with our readers. Maricultured corals have never looked so good. Enough words ... on to the photos! View the full article

you should be able to find the parts for DIY at sim lim tower.

Click through to see the images. #10: Calling all hermit crab exhibitionists: Hand-blown Glass Shells! Are your hermit crabs looking for new digs? Consider these beautiful works of art: Artist/designer Robert DuGrenier creates exquisite hand-blown glass shells for hermit crabs from his Vermont workshop. Read more... #9: Incredible 8000L (2000+ gallon) Portugal Coral Farm Nothing is more rewarding for me than seeing successful breeding and propagation systems, which is why I am extremely pleased to help showcase the "selected reef tank" at www.h2oplusomething.com: Machado de Sousa's 8000L Coral Farm. Read more... #8: Deep Blue announces lineup of shallow look-down aquariums Deep Blue Aquarium Professional (USA) have been busy creating aquariums and aquatic accessories (lighting, filtration, pumps, heaters, etc.) Deep Blue has announced a new line of shallow look-down style aquariums, coming soon to a store near you. Read more... #7: Beautiful videography of Taiwanese reef aquarium Here are two incredibly sharp videos of a Taiwanese rimless mixed reef tank. These videos capture acan, zoa, and other coral macros in stunning color and clarity. Bravo to the videographer! Read more... #6: Tunze video demonstrates flow vs turbulence In response to the July 2011's Advanced Aquarist article "Experimental Comparison of Measured Flow Output of Aquarium Propeller Pumps," Tunze has shared with Advanced Aquarist a video about flow and turbulence. In the video, Tunze visually demonstrates the difference in flow pattern between their Streams and Ecotech's Vortech pumps. Read more... #5: The most bizarre shark you've ever seen Welcome to the other twilight zone. A commercial fisherman from the tropical Sea of Cortez has caught one strange fish: an one-eyed shark! This fish is like something straight out of a science fiction movie. Real or hoax? Read the story behind this shark (plus one more photo) after the jump. Read more... #4: Man Poisons LFS Tanks, Kills $8,000 of Livestock! This may be the most disgusting hobbyist story I've read in a long while. A man walks into Underwater World in Helena, Montana (not to be confused with the wholesaler in Los Angeles) and sprinkles a mysterious white powder into their holding tanks, killing 70 fishes, corals, and inverts. Read more... #3: seneye: Possibly the world's most feature-rich aquarium monitor A new, advanced aquarium monitor is set to premiere this summer. I know what you're probably saying to yourself: Is there really a need for another aquarium monitor? Having been granted an exclusive sneak peek, I can emphatically answer: YES! seneye not only monitors more parameters than any single device currently on the market, it does so in the most user-friendly manner. Read more about the new seneye device after the jump. Read more... #2: Simply Amazing 3,600 liter LFS Display HPAquaristik - a LFS in Germany - spared no expense with their main reef display. Their 3,600 liter (950 gallon) aquarium features LED lighting which simulates some of the most natural cloud cover and thunderstorms I've seen. But get this: During the simulated thunderstorms, it actually rains freshwater over the giant reef aquarium! Read more... #1: The Definitive Ecotech Radion Preview (updated with Mr. Saltwater Tank video) Apologies for the pretentious title, but we wanted to grab your attention. Starting this weekend, you will read a lot about Ecotech's new LED light. Advanced Aquarist put a lot of effort to bring you the the most comprehensive Ecotech Radion preview. A treasure trove of photos and information after the jump (not for the bandwidth-challenged). Read more... View the full article

Click through to see the images. #10: Calling all hermit crab exhibitionists: Hand-blown Glass Shells! Are your hermit crabs looking for new digs? Consider these beautiful works of art: Artist/designer Robert DuGrenier creates exquisite hand-blown glass shells for hermit crabs from his Vermont workshop. Read more... #9: Incredible 8000L (2000+ gallon) Portugal Coral Farm Nothing is more rewarding for me than seeing successful breeding and propagation systems, which is why I am extremely pleased to help showcase the "selected reef tank" at www.h2oplusomething.com: Machado de Sousa's 8000L Coral Farm. Read more... #8: Deep Blue announces lineup of shallow look-down aquariums Deep Blue Aquarium Professional (USA) have been busy creating aquariums and aquatic accessories (lighting, filtration, pumps, heaters, etc.) Deep Blue has announced a new line of shallow look-down style aquariums, coming soon to a store near you. Read more... #7: Beautiful videography of Taiwanese reef aquarium Here are two incredibly sharp videos of a Taiwanese rimless mixed reef tank. These videos capture acan, zoa, and other coral macros in stunning color and clarity. Bravo to the videographer! Read more... #6: Tunze video demonstrates flow vs turbulence In response to the July 2011's Advanced Aquarist article "Experimental Comparison of Measured Flow Output of Aquarium Propeller Pumps," Tunze has shared with Advanced Aquarist a video about flow and turbulence. In the video, Tunze visually demonstrates the difference in flow pattern between their Streams and Ecotech's Vortech pumps. Read more... #5: The most bizarre shark you've ever seen Welcome to the other twilight zone. A commercial fisherman from the tropical Sea of Cortez has caught one strange fish: an one-eyed shark! This fish is like something straight out of a science fiction movie. Real or hoax? Read the story behind this shark (plus one more photo) after the jump. Read more... #4: Man Poisons LFS Tanks, Kills $8,000 of Livestock! This may be the most disgusting hobbyist story I've read in a long while. A man walks into Underwater World in Helena, Montana (not to be confused with the wholesaler in Los Angeles) and sprinkles a mysterious white powder into their holding tanks, killing 70 fishes, corals, and inverts. Read more... #3: seneye: Possibly the world's most feature-rich aquarium monitor A new, advanced aquarium monitor is set to premiere this summer. I know what you're probably saying to yourself: Is there really a need for another aquarium monitor? Having been granted an exclusive sneak peek, I can emphatically answer: YES! seneye not only monitors more parameters than any single device currently on the market, it does so in the most user-friendly manner. Read more about the new seneye device after the jump. Read more... #2: Simply Amazing 3,600 liter LFS Display HPAquaristik - a LFS in Germany - spared no expense with their main reef display. Their 3,600 liter (950 gallon) aquarium features LED lighting which simulates some of the most natural cloud cover and thunderstorms I've seen. But get this: During the simulated thunderstorms, it actually rains freshwater over the giant reef aquarium! Read more... #1: The Definitive Ecotech Radion Preview (updated with Mr. Saltwater Tank video) Apologies for the pretentious title, but we wanted to grab your attention. Starting this weekend, you will read a lot about Ecotech's new LED light. Advanced Aquarist put a lot of effort to bring you the the most comprehensive Ecotech Radion preview. A treasure trove of photos and information after the jump (not for the bandwidth-challenged). Read more... View the full article

Click through to see the images. #10: Interesting new Aqua-Check photometer spotted across the pond ReefNews.eu just reported on a new multi-tester called the "AQUA-CHECK photometer" that reportedly can measure multiple water parameters with the same probe. This product (if it ever makes it state-side) could potentially give the electronic Hanna Checkers a run for their money as only one electronic "checker" is required. Read more... #9: Another lovely reef aquarium There is a shortage of product and research news to report this week due to the holiday season, so we thought what better time to share more videos of thriving reef displays. Here is video of a healthy reef with one of the largest Acropora staghorns we've seen. Read more... #8: Owner of SWC faces $1,000,000+ fine and prison time for smuggling protected species Jayson Daeninck (owner of SaltWaterConnection.com, better known as SWC) is facing major fines and possible imprisonment for illegally importing protected coral rock, sea horses and giant clams from Indonesia. Read more... #7: Imagine never having to clean your glass Just imagine it: never having to scrape your glass of that nuisance coralline algae ever again. Or if you did, it would just peel right off. If this research makes it into production, cleaning your glass may just become a thing of the past. Read more... #6: Living Color's 650 gallon "Hybrid Reef Tank" Living Color shares with Advanced Aquarist their latest 650 gallon (2,500 liter) reef installation. This large aquarium mixes artificial reef structure with live rock and cultured ORA corals to form an unique and sustainable reef system. Read more... #5: Can you eat something bigger than yourself? Watch a video of a frogfish devouring a fish as big if not bigger than itself. My jaw dropped when I saw how big of a fish this predator could fit into its mouth and stomach. Read more... #4: Chris Ozment's 435 Gallon Reef Display Large tanks are inherently cool. Chris Ozment's 435 gallon (1650 liter) reef takes the cool factor and runs away with it! Started in January, 2010, this large "low profile" aquarium has filled out very nicely. Many large fish now patrol over healthy and supremely colorful coral colonies. Read more... #3: Planking: even dolphins are getting into the act "Planking" is a recent meme where someone lies flat (like a plank) in a strange place and another person takes a photo of that person (I know, it's odd). In the below picture, a dolphin is seen "planking" on the nose of a humpback whale. What's interesting is that this inter-species interaction has been seen before and is the subject of a journal article. Read more... #2: Zap aiptasia dead with laser beams! (updated with new videos) Are you looking for the most high tech or dangerous way to kill aiptasia? A Reef2Reef member shares how he kills aiptasia (et al.) using lethally powerful handheld lasers. Read more... #1: Who wouldn't want this? A Roomba for your aquarium glass! Tired of scraping algae from your aquarium glass? A new glass cleaner / scraper called the RoboSnail will take your cares away. It's a programmable cleaner that the user can setup so that you never have to worry about this chore again. Read more... View the full article

Click through to see the images. To learn more about the process of coral bleaching, visit our friends at CoralScience.org for their highly informative article Coral bleaching: molecular mechanisms. Below is the press release by ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies describing their research on the molecular mechanisms responsible for coral bleaching (link to journal article). Corals can sense what's coming Australian scientists have thrown new light on the mechanism behind the mass death of corals worldwide as the Earth’s climate warms. Coral bleaching, one of the most devastating events affecting coral reefs around the planet, is triggered by rising water temperatures. It occurs when the corals and their symbiotic algae become heat-stressed, and the algae which feed the corals either die or are expelled by the coral. There have been seven major bleaching events globally in the past 30 years, the most recent being in 2010 across the Indian Ocean and Coral Triangle. Australia’s Great Barrier Reef has suffered eight events since 1980, the worst being in 2002 when 55% of the total reef area was affected. The frequency of these events appears to be increasing. Acropora under duress Now a team of scientists from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies and James Cook University has shown that a complex cascade of molecular signals leading up to the self-inflicted death of corals and their symbiotic algae is triggered as sea water begins to warm. Working with Acropora corals from the reef at Heron Island, the researchers found the cascade begins at ocean temperatures as much as 3 degrees lower than those normally associated with coral bleaching. And the process culminates in ‘apoptosis’ or programmed cell-death – a situation in which living organisms (including corals and humans) deliberately destroy their weakened or infected body cells, effectively a form of ‘cell suicide’ or amputation designed to protect the organism as a whole. “Our results suggest that the control of apoptosis is highly complex in the coral-algae symbiosis and that apoptotic cell death cascades potentially play key roles in tipping the cellular life or death balance during environmental stress prior to the onset of coral bleaching,” explains lead author Dr Tracy Ainsworth. “It is also clear that this chain reaction responds significantly to subtle, daily changes in the environment and to sea temperatures which were generally thought till now to have little impact on the function of coral and its symbiotic algae.” Paradoxically, the team’s research identified molecular signals both promoting and discouraging programmed cell-death in the corals. This has led them to a theory that corals respond to the stresses caused by warming sea water by killing off some of the cells, while strengthening others in order to stage a possible recovery after the hot water has moved off the reef and conditions have returned to normal. Healthy coral “This would explain why some corals are able to recover quite quickly from a bleaching event, if it has not gone too far. “It is far too early to speculate, but understanding the recovery process for any living organism is always a big help, as human medicine has constantly demonstrated, Dr Ainsworth says. “The next step in our research will be to see how we can use this new insight into the processes of coral bleaching to understand their recovery mechanisms. We also need to know more about how this process works at lower temperatures, or under varying temperatures. “That in turn will lead us to explore ways that coral reef managers and users can perhaps minimise other stresses on the reef in order to give it the best possible chance of recovery from bleaching.” However the team cautions that “further study of the tissue function and cellular differentiation and recovery processes in coral is needed before this complicated cell death system can be fully understood”. The team’s paper "Defining the tipping point. A complex cellular life/death balance in corals in response to stress" by Ainsworth TD, Wasmund, K, Ukani L, Seneca F, Yellowlees D, Miller D, and Leggat W is published in the latest issue of Scientific Reports published by Nature. More information: Dr Tracy Ainsworth, CoECRS and JCU, +61 7 4781 4442 or 0415253820 Dr Bill Leggat, CoECRS and JCU +61 7 47816923 or 0415253820 Prof David Yellowlees, CoECRS and JCU +61 7 47816248 or 0438164824 Jenny Lappin, CoECRS, +61 7 4781 4222 Jim O’Brien, James Cook University Media Office, +61 (0)7 4781 4822 or 0418 892449 http://www.coralcoe.org.au/ View the full article

Click through to see the images. To learn more about the process of coral bleaching, visit our friends at CoralScience.org for their highly informative article Coral bleaching: molecular mechanisms. Below is the press release by ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies describing their research on the molecular mechanisms responsible for coral bleaching (link to journal article). Corals can sense what's coming Australian scientists have thrown new light on the mechanism behind the mass death of corals worldwide as the Earth’s climate warms. Coral bleaching, one of the most devastating events affecting coral reefs around the planet, is triggered by rising water temperatures. It occurs when the corals and their symbiotic algae become heat-stressed, and the algae which feed the corals either die or are expelled by the coral. There have been seven major bleaching events globally in the past 30 years, the most recent being in 2010 across the Indian Ocean and Coral Triangle. Australia’s Great Barrier Reef has suffered eight events since 1980, the worst being in 2002 when 55% of the total reef area was affected. The frequency of these events appears to be increasing. Acropora under duress Now a team of scientists from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies and James Cook University has shown that a complex cascade of molecular signals leading up to the self-inflicted death of corals and their symbiotic algae is triggered as sea water begins to warm. Working with Acropora corals from the reef at Heron Island, the researchers found the cascade begins at ocean temperatures as much as 3 degrees lower than those normally associated with coral bleaching. And the process culminates in ‘apoptosis’ or programmed cell-death – a situation in which living organisms (including corals and humans) deliberately destroy their weakened or infected body cells, effectively a form of ‘cell suicide’ or amputation designed to protect the organism as a whole. “Our results suggest that the control of apoptosis is highly complex in the coral-algae symbiosis and that apoptotic cell death cascades potentially play key roles in tipping the cellular life or death balance during environmental stress prior to the onset of coral bleaching,” explains lead author Dr Tracy Ainsworth. “It is also clear that this chain reaction responds significantly to subtle, daily changes in the environment and to sea temperatures which were generally thought till now to have little impact on the function of coral and its symbiotic algae.” Paradoxically, the team’s research identified molecular signals both promoting and discouraging programmed cell-death in the corals. This has led them to a theory that corals respond to the stresses caused by warming sea water by killing off some of the cells, while strengthening others in order to stage a possible recovery after the hot water has moved off the reef and conditions have returned to normal. Healthy coral “This would explain why some corals are able to recover quite quickly from a bleaching event, if it has not gone too far. “It is far too early to speculate, but understanding the recovery process for any living organism is always a big help, as human medicine has constantly demonstrated, Dr Ainsworth says. “The next step in our research will be to see how we can use this new insight into the processes of coral bleaching to understand their recovery mechanisms. We also need to know more about how this process works at lower temperatures, or under varying temperatures. “That in turn will lead us to explore ways that coral reef managers and users can perhaps minimise other stresses on the reef in order to give it the best possible chance of recovery from bleaching.” However the team cautions that “further study of the tissue function and cellular differentiation and recovery processes in coral is needed before this complicated cell death system can be fully understood”. The team’s paper "Defining the tipping point. A complex cellular life/death balance in corals in response to stress" by Ainsworth TD, Wasmund, K, Ukani L, Seneca F, Yellowlees D, Miller D, and Leggat W is published in the latest issue of Scientific Reports published by Nature. More information: Dr Tracy Ainsworth, CoECRS and JCU, +61 7 4781 4442 or 0415253820 Dr Bill Leggat, CoECRS and JCU +61 7 47816923 or 0415253820 Prof David Yellowlees, CoECRS and JCU +61 7 47816248 or 0438164824 Jenny Lappin, CoECRS, +61 7 4781 4222 Jim O’Brien, James Cook University Media Office, +61 (0)7 4781 4822 or 0418 892449 http://www.coralcoe.org.au/ View the full article

Click through to see the images. These interesting and unique fish were found just off the coast of Tankerness in Orkney and has been described as "elusive" and "rarely seen". It is also considered as an example of the first animals that evolved a backbone. "In an age where the lands of the world have been mapped out and recorded, it's amazing how many discoveries are waiting to be found under the waves. The waters around Scotland are rich in such fascinating biodiversity and it's our responsibility to protect this fragile environment," Scottish environment secretary Richard Lochhead said. (via ZeeNews) View the full article

Click through to see the images. The Plug Hub is a cord management system that works in conjunction with a standard power strip to manage the problematic rat's nest of power cords that can easily accumulate around a computer desk or in our case a reef tank. The unit is made of plastic and comes in charcoal gray with a blue rubber foot and measures 3.5 in x 10.5 in x 9.5 in. A photo of the Plug Hub opened for cord access can be seen in the above photograph. Three openings have been made in the top of the unit where electrical cords are fed through, wrapped around internal cord anchors, and then plugged into a power strip at its base. The instructions state that it can be left on the floor or mounted to the wall when in use. Since this would be for an aquarium installation, our recommendation would be to mount it to the wall to one side of the tank (away from water) with a drip loop made with the wires to keep out any water that might run down the cord. Also make certain to plug the power strip into a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) protected outlet. One can never be too careful around saltwater. Each unit costs $28.95 and is available from Quirky.com. (via Lifehacker) View the full article

Researchers have found the epigenetic mechanism that links temperature and gonadal sex in fish. High temperature increases DNA methylation of the gonadal aromatase promoter in females. View the full article

Researchers have found the epigenetic mechanism that links temperature and gonadal sex in fish. High temperature increases DNA methylation of the gonadal aromatase promoter in females. View the full article

Click through to see the images. The decline began back in the 1930's around the World War II era. Around this time the Bay was turned into a huge wartime port and a major ship-building center with warships regularly using the waters. The Navy secured a net seven-miles long across the bay in addition to planting hundreds of mines in the waters to keep out enemy submarines. Water quality could have also played a huge role in their disappearance. In the 1950's and 1960's it was common for raw sewage to flow into the bay. "I remember coming across the Bay Bridge when I was very young, and it would just smell," says William Keener of Golden Gate Cetacean Research. "It would stink." Passage of the 1972 Clean Water Act turned the water quality of the San Francisco Bay around but it took quite a bit of time for the food cycle to return to normal. It has also possibly taken the harbor porpoises quite a bit of time to rediscover the Bay. "Over 60 years, we're talking about a number of generations of porpoises," Jonathan Stern, Ph.D. says. "So it's quite likely that San Francisco Bay as a habitat was out of the institutional memory." Based on the group's research, the harbor porpoise numbers are on the rise and they are keeping a detailed photographic record of each porpoise they see so they can identify them in future sightings. "It's one of those very few good-news environmental stories. And it's in our backyard. It gives one hope," Stern says. (via NPR, Golden Gate Cetacean Research) View the full article

Click through to see the images. Samoa and Tokelau have decided to cross the international date line. 119 years ago, U.S. traders persuaded local Samoan authorities to align their islands' time with neighboring U.S.-controlled American Samoa and the United States to assist their trading with California. But Asia, Australia, New Zealand, and Fiji have grown to be more important trading partners; The decision to cross (back) the international date line is intended to facilitate trade with them. This news will not have any direct impact on aquarists ... but who knows? Perhaps aligning their time with Fiji (a major aquarium fish/coral exporter in close proximity) may foster an ornamental fishery industry in Samoa through established logistical channels. Whatever happens, an entire day 'vanished' is interesting trivia! View the full article

There are many various types of sand in the market. From pure white crystal sand, black , to coral chip . It depend what types of effect and usage you want for your setup. Live sand will usually cost more since it contain live bacteria and help to buffer the water.

An increase in human activity is posing a threat to natural aquatic ecosystems in Tanzania and contributing to environmental damage and ecological changes. New research shows that agriculture and livestock farming leads to eutrophication in lakes and the proliferation of cyanobacteria which produce microcystins. New information about microcystins and other mycotoxins in Tanzanian lakes is useful for appraising the risk linked to drinking water and edible fish, which in turn affects the health of both humans and animals. View the full article

Click through to see the images. Read Rob Toonen's article about sea cucumbers to learn more about their captive care. Sea cucumbers: Dissolving coral reefs? Washington, D.C. — Coral reefs are extremely diverse ecosystems that support enormous biodiversity. But they are at risk. Carbon dioxide emissions are acidifying the ocean, threatening reefs and other marine organisms. New research led by Carnegie's Kenneth Schneider analyzed the role of sea cucumbers in portions of the Great Barrier Reef and determined that their dietary process of dissolving calcium carbonate (CaCO3) from the surrounding reef accounts for about half of at the total nighttime dissolution for the reef. The work is published December 23 by the Journal of Geophysical Research. Reefs are formed through the biological deposition of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Many of the marine organisms living on and around a reef contribute to either its destruction or construction. Therefore it is crucial that the amount of calcium carbonate remain in balance. When this delicate balance is disrupted, the reef ceases to grow and its foundations can be weakened. In order to fully understand a reef's ability to deposit carbonate and grow, it is necessary to understand the roles that the various elements of sea life play in this process. This is especially important because increased atmospheric carbon dioxide is predicted to decrease the amount of carbonate available due to acidification. Mouth of Holothuria sp. Photo: Greg Schiemer. The research group set out to examine the role that sea cucumbers play in the reef environment. Schneider's team included Carnegie's Ken Caldeira, as well as Jacob Silverman, of the Israeli Limnology & Oceanography Institute; Maria Byrne and Erika Woolsey, both of the University of Sydney and the latter also from James Cook University; and Hampus Eriksson of Stockholm University. They studied the growth and dissolution of One Tree Reef, which surrounds One Tree Island in Australia's Great Barrier Reef. Focusing on an area of the reef known as "DK13", they found that sea cucumbers were abundant. They collected some of these sea cucumbers and placed them in aquaria to study the effect on sea water resulting from the sand and rubble transported through their gut system as part of their digestive process. As part of another ongoing study in this area, the team found that the coral reef was dissolving at night. They found that sea cucumbers play a crucial part in this process. They live off the bits of organic matter in the carbonate sand and rubble that they ingest; in this process, their digestive systems produce acids that dissolve parts of these carbonate minerals. The dissolved carbonate minerals are then released into the surrounding environment. The researchers found that these lowly organisms might be responsible for half of the CaCO3 of the reef observed at night. The burning of coal, oil, and gas releases CO2 into the atmosphere, which is later absorbed by the ocean, causing the ocean to acidify. Ocean acidification is expected to slow reef growth. With slower reef growth, the dissolution of CaCO3 within the guts of sea cucumbers is expected to become even more important to the reef CaCO3 budget. "Even though the sea cucumbers dissolve CaCO3 on the reef, in a lagoon such as the one at One Tree Reef, where there is limited seawater exchange with the surrounding ocean, they can be important in recycling of nutrients to support primary productivity. They also increase sea water buffer capacity to partially offset ocean acidification effects, helping to maintain the overall health of the coral reef," Schneider said. "Although sea cucumbers may play a part in reef dissolution, they are also an important part of an incredible marine environment." This research was supported by the Moore foundation. The authors thank the University of Sydney's One Tree Island Research Station facility. The Department of Global Ecology was established in 2002 to help build the scientific foundations for a sustainable future. The department is located on the campus of Stanford University, but is an independent research organization funded by the Carnegie Institution. Its scientists conduct basic research on a wide range of large-scale environmental issues, including climate change, ocean acidification, biological invasions, and changes in biodiversity. The Carnegie Institution for Science (carnegiescience.edu) is a private, nonprofit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., with six research departments throughout the U.S. Since its founding in 1902, the Carnegie Institution has been a pioneering force in basic scientific research. Carnegie scientists are leaders in plant biology, developmental biology, astronomy, materials science, global ecology, and Earth and planetary science. Contact: Kenneth Schneider kennysch@stanford.edu 650-223-6932 Carnegie Institution View the full article

This is a nice DIY unit. What is your tank size ? You would need to use more unit of PAR38 LED if you intent to switch over, since the coverage angel of the light is smaller as compare to other LEDs..

Henry's frozen fish food would be a good substituent for it

your 4ft tank should have been cycle successfully since you have notice the spike in the ammonia then the fall. For your second tank, i advice you double confirm the nitrite reading with another test kit ?? You can check out Salifest test kit .

A small fish crawling on stumpy limbs from a shrinking desert pond is an icon of can-do spirit, emblematic of a leading theory for the evolutionary transition between fish and amphibians. This theorized image of such a drastic adaptation to changing environmental conditions, however, may, itself, be evolving into a new picture. View the full article

The 2007 Cosco Busan disaster, which spilled 54,000 gallons of oil into the San Francisco Bay, had an unexpectedly lethal impact on embryonic fish, devastating a commercially and ecologically important species for nearly two years, reports a new study. View the full article

The 2007 Cosco Busan disaster, which spilled 54,000 gallons of oil into the San Francisco Bay, had an unexpectedly lethal impact on embryonic fish, devastating a commercially and ecologically important species for nearly two years, reports a new study. View the full article

Click through to see the images. Unfortunately, no additional information is available on this 14-month-old reef tank; Anyone who has more details about this aquarium, please comment below. It's a safe bet the huge staghorn coral is a transplant from a previous tank (Otherwise, I demand to know what this guy is dosing!). There's something about this aquascape I find very natural, "unforced" and pleasing. View the full article

Anemone is not recommanded for a new tank, since it is not easy to keep. I would suggest for a major water change with salt mix ( Mix the water at least for 24 hour) or Sea water. You could also use carbon or poly filter to remove the tonix from the water.