Harlequinmania

Event banner for the stage Thanks to all the sponsor and supporter toward this event !

Click through to see the images. Dr. Andrew Rhyne, assistant professor of biology at Roger Williams University and the New England Aquarium will head training workshops for almost 20 aquarists at the RWU aquaculture facility. The training will focus on successful fish breeding practices for aquariums in order to stock their own tanks with captive bred fish, which will in turn reduce the necessity to collect fish from the wild. The $221,382 grant will fund fish breeding workshops at RWU for three years beginning sometime around January 2013. “We’re very interested in increasing the capacity of public aquariums across the country – the world, really – to be able to rear the fish they have on exhibit in their own facilities,” Dr. Rhyne says. “This grant is designed to facilitate that capacity through an educational component.” Much of what Dr. Rhyne's instruction will focus on is derived from the University's marine biology courses covering development from eggs through the various larval and juvenile stages until the fish reaches adulthood. Each stage requires very specific nutritional care and husbandry skills and for successful breeding, aquarists need to master each one. Once the training is finished, the aquarists will continue to keep in contact with RWU through dedicated forums and message boards in order to help troubleshoot problems, answer questions, or possibly discuss new techniques and technologies for fish breeding. Thank you to Dr. Andrew Rhyne for bringing this to our attention. (via Roger Williams University) View the full article

We have already setup the new feedback section under the pasa malam thread for members to share both their "Good" and "Bad" experience during the transaction. Please start a thread there to share your Good or Bad experience if any. Especially, If you think you have been cheated or treated unfairly. If you do not wish to put up the name of that person, by sharing your experience with others , at least it will prevent others from falling into the same trap and telling others that the community is watching you .. However, i do like to point out again that alot of unhappiness cannot be avoid if the buyer stated everything clearly in his sales thread so that the buyer understand fully what he is paying for in return.

Click through to see the images. This news is of particular interest to aquarists because many proposed species are commonly kept by reefkeepers; Advanced Aquarist provides the full proposed species list at the bottom of this article. Under the Endangered Species Act, the taking, possession, sale and transport of endangered species is prohibited. What this means for aquarists is that the corals given endangered status may not only become illegal to collect and import (and by extension, for aquarists to purchase) but also illegal to own or trade. Prior ESA history tells us exemptions are unlikely. Corals listed as threatened may remain legal to collect and own, although species-specific rules may also prohibit their collection and ownership. For example, the two Caribbean Acroporids (Acropora palmata and Acropora cervicornis) are currently listed as threatened but they are both illegal to collect and own. Note: In this proposal, NOAA is considering reclassifying these two species from threatened to endangered. The proposed ESA list is many months from finalization, and NOAA will hold 18 public meetings in January through February, 2012 to allow the public to express comments before NOAA makes its decision. You can submit a public comment online via www.regulations.gov and enter NOAA-NMFS-2010-0036 into the keyword search. Also, there will be 18 public hearings held in January and February 2013. A schedule for those will be posted online at: www.nmfs.noaa.gov/stories/2012/11/82corals.html. NOAA will also hold several webinars to engage the public. Information on those will be listed on the websites listed below.. We suspect any coral listed as endangered will be subject to the historically strict regulations that govern species given endangered status (including prohibition of ownership and trafficking); However, the issue of regulation, enforcement, and penalties remain unclear at this time. Advanced Aquarist will provide more information as they become available. NOAA's Press Release November 30, 2012 Pocillopora danae (Veron 2000) In compliance with a federal court ordered deadline, and consistent with existing international protections, NOAA Fisheries announced today that it is proposing Endangered Species Act (ESA) listings for 66 coral species, including 59 in the Pacific and seven in the Caribbean. This science-based proposal is more limited than the 2009 original petition that led to a settlement agreement and the court order. In order to ensure robust input, NOAA has been engaging the public since the process began three years ago. Before this proposed listing is finalized in late 2013, there will be a 90-day public comment period during which NOAA will hold 18 public meetings. Earlier this year, the President directed that any potential future designations of critical habitat carefully consider all public comments on relevant science and economic impact, including those that suggest methods for minimizing regulatory burdens. Therefore, any potential future critical habitat designation in connection with today’s proposed listing will include a full analysis of economic impact, including impact on jobs, and to the extent permitted by law, adopt the least burdensome means, including avoidance of unnecessary burdens and costs on states, tribes, localities, and the private sector of promoting compliance with the ESA. As this process moves forward, NOAA will work with stakeholders to minimize any potential impacts of possible future action on the economy and jobs and, in particular, on construction, fishing, farming, shipping, and other important sectors. Elkhorn coral is an icon of the Florida Keys, but was listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act in 2006. “Healthy coral reefs are among the most economically valuable and biologically diverse ecosystems on earth,” said Jane Lubchenco, Ph.D., under secretary for commerce for oceans and atmosphere and NOAA administrator. “Corals provide habitat to support fisheries that feed millions of people; generate jobs and income to local economies through recreation, tourism, and fisheries; and protect coastlines from storms and erosion. Yet, scientific research indicates that climate change and other activities are putting these corals at risk. This is an important, sensible next step toward preserving the benefits provided by these species, both now and into the future.” NOAA is proposing seven species as endangered and 52 as threatened in the Pacific, and five as endangered and two as threatened in the Caribbean. In addition, the agency is proposing that two Caribbean species already listed under the Act be reclassified from threatened to endangered. NOAA is seeking public comment on the proposed listing before making a final listing decision by December 2013. Corals have measurable economic value for communities around the world. One independent study reported that coral reefs provide approximate $483 million in annual net benefit to the U.S. economy from tourism and recreation activities and a combined annual net benefit from all goods and services of about $1.1 billion. NOAA also estimates the annual commercial value of U.S. fisheries from coral reefs to be more than $100 million; reef-based recreational fisheries generate an additional $100 million annually. Listing species as endangered does not prohibit activities like fishing or diving, but prohibits the specific “take” of those species, including harming, wounding, killing, or collecting the species. It also prohibits imports, exports, and commercial activities dealing in the species. These protections are not automatic for species listed as threatened, but can be established for them as well. Furthermore, if species are eventually listed, NOAA will consult with other federal agencies that permit projects that may harm corals to help avoid further damage. The consultation process allows NOAA to work with federal agencies and project proponents to develop ways for projects to proceed, but in a way that protects the long-term health of these important species. NOAA has identified 19 threats to the survival of coral, including rising ocean temperatures, ocean acidification, and coral disease. As carbon dioxide increases in the atmosphere, the oceans warm beyond what corals can withstand, leading to bleaching, and the frequency and severity of disease outbreaks increase, causing die-offs. This proposed listing is in response to a 2009 petition from the Center for Biological Diversity (CBD) to list 83 coral species as threatened or endangered under the ESA. In 2011, NOAA and the CBD entered into a stipulated settlement agreement requiring NOAA to submit for publication a proposal as to 82 of the 83 coral species by April 15, 2012. In March 2012, the District Court for the Northern District of California approved an amended settlement agreement ordering NOAA to submit a proposal regarding the 82 coral species on or before December 1, 2012. All of these coral species being proposed for listing are already protected under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. NOAA used the best available scientific information to assess the status of the species and decide if the species met the ESA’s definitions of endangered or threatened. Earlier this year, after publication of a peer-reviewed status review report and a draft management report, NOAA took an additional step of seeking public comment prior to proposing the listing. NOAA received approximately 42,000 comments and collected 400 relevant scientific articles, reports, or presentations, which were all considered when making the proposed determination. NOAA’s mission is to understand and predict changes in the Earth's environment, from the depths of the ocean to the surface of the sun, and to conserve and manage our coastal and marine resources. Visit us at www.noaa.gov and join us on Facebook, Twitter and our other social media channels. For more information, background documents, and instructions on submitting comments, go to http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/stories/2012/11/82corals.html Proposed Endangered Species Pacific Millepora foveolata Pocillopora elegans (E Pacific) Acropora jacquelineae Acropora lokani Acropora rudis Anacropora spinosa Euphyllia paradivisa Carribean Staghorn coral (Acropora cervicornis) Elkhorn coral (Acropora palmata) Pillar coral (Dendrogyra cylindrus) Boulder star coral (Montastraea annularis) Mountainous star coral (Montastraea faveolata) Star coral (Montastraea franksi) Rough Cactus Coral (Mycetophyllia ferox) Proposed Threatened Species Pacific Millepora tuberosa Pocillopora danae Pocillopora elegans (Indo-Pacific) Seriatopora aculeata Acropora aculeus Acropora acuminata Acropora aspera Acropora dendrum Acropora donei Acropora globiceps Acropora horrida Acropora listeria Acropora microclados Acropora palmerae Acropora paniculata Acropora pharaonis Acropora polystoma Acropora retusa Acropora speciosa Acropora striata Acropora tenella Acropora vaughani Acropora verweyi Anacropora puertogalerae Astreopora cucullata Isopora crateriformis Isopora cuneata Montipora angulata Montipora australiensis Montipora calcarea Montipora caliculata Montipora dilatata/flabellata/turgescens Montipora lobulata Montipora patula/verrilli Alveopora allingi Alveopora fenestrata Alveopora verrilliana Porites horizontalata Porites napopora Porites nigrescens Acanthastrea brevis Acanthastrea hemprichii Acanthastrea ishigakiensis Acanthastrea regularis Pachyseris rugosa Pectinia alcicornis Barabattoia laddi Pavona diffluens Caulastrea echinulata Euphyllia cristata Euphyllia paraancora Physogyra lichtensteini Caribbean Lamarck's Sheet Coral (Agaricia lamarcki) Elliptical Star Coral (Dichocoenia stokesii) View the full article

Please note that there is a change in our event timing which will end on 9.30 pm daily instead of 7pm. See you there.

Good choice for running the compressor chiller. Did you have any air vendiation inside for your led? Sent from my GT-I9300 using Tapatalk 2

Don't go for a deep sand bed as if the need arises one day for copper treatment, all the living organisms inside will be killed. Maybe u can consider running bio palet instead. Sent from my GT-I9300 using Tapatalk 2

Yes you can use back the system from freshwater if the tank is thick enough and the sump compartment is able to house your equipment like skimmer ect.. Sent from my GT-I9300 using Tapatalk 2

Click through to see the images. It was only earlier this summer that South Korea opened Asia's largest aquarium: Aqua Planet Jeju. Now a new public aquarium has not only taken the title of Asia's largest aquarium but also the world's largest aquarium. S.E.A. Aquarium at Resorts World Sentosa showcases over 11 million gallons of water, easily besting the previous record of 8.5 million gallons held for almost a decade by Georgia Aquarium. S.E.A Aquarium also boosts the world's largest continuous viewing panel of, get this, 118 feet wide by 27 feet tall! The previous record was held by Aqua Planent Jeju (75 x 28 ft). S.E.A. Aquarium will showcase an impressive number of habitats including the Red Sea, South China Sea, Straight of Karimata (Java Sea), Straight of Malacca (Andaman Sea), Arabian Sea, East Africa (freshwater/cichlids), a shark exhibit, and of course the record-breakingly large open ocean exhibit. All these exhibits house an astounding 30,000 marine animals. By 2013, this number will climb to over 100,000 specimens spanning approximately 800 different species! The aquarium's opening is not without controversy; The "Ocean Journey" exhibit will house a pod of bottlenose dolphins, which has upset several animal rights groups. With so many "mega" aquariums opening and the major renovations of "heritage" aquariums, people across the world have never had a greater opportunity to explore our oceans and gain new appreciation for the majesty and mystery of sea life. View the full article

Thread closed as request

Click through to see the images. The Vossen Larval Fish Trap was born out of necessity -- the need to capture larval fish post-hatch in an easy way that would allow high survival rates after capture. A very early DIY larval trap was published by April Kirkendoll in her book "How to Raise and Train Your Peppermint Shrimp." In the book, April explains how to build the simple trap out of a 2-liter bottle, some PVC pipe, fine-mesh screen material, a low powered flashlight, and an air pump (seen at right). To use the trap, a flashlight was positioned at the bottom of the left pipe and an air pump was used to deliver a stream of bubbles into the left pipe. This upflow of air drew water up into the pipe and any larvae along with it. They then traveled through the pipe into the 2-liter bottle. Water flowed out of the 2-liter bottle through a fine mesh material keeping the larvae inside the 2-liter until it was time to transfer them to the larval rearing tank. It was very crude, but it worked. Fast forward six years to 2008 when the discussion turned to using the above trap at the Marine Ornamental Fish & Invertebrate Breeders forum (Mofib). Chad Vossen read the thread and decided to make a much nicer version out of acrylic and make it mountable on the side of the tank. Ever since then he has sold his traps to breeders as far away as Australia that need a simple solution to an all too common problem. Chad's larval traps work identical to the 2-liter / PVC version but in a much nicer and more compact format (seen above). It measures roughly 8" x 8" x 1.5" thick and is made out of clear acrylic. I was able to check a couple of them out at the 2012 Marine Breeding Initiative Workshop in Detroit, Michigan earlier this year and they are definitely well thought out and built. Front, side, and rear view of a Larval Fish Trap showing the airlift and LED light source. The user hangs the trap inside his or her breeding tank and attaches an air pump to the air lift tube on the right side of the trap. A small LED light is then mounted to the outside of the tank just below the trap opening. After lights-out, hatched larvae are attracted to the light source and are sucked into the large chamber where they slowly circulated much like flow in a kriesel aquarium. The next morning, the user can transfer the larvae to rearing tanks. No muss, no fuss. Chad is currently selling his Larval Fish Trap for $35 plus shipping. If you are interested in one, contact him over at the Mofib (http://www.marinebreeder.org/phpbb/viewtopic.php?f=232&t=7104) or email him at Vossen_2012@yahoo.com. Chad has also setup a Facebook page where he is periodically posting updates about his product. View the full article

Click through to see the images. Researchers from the Australian National University experimented with bridled monocle bream (Scolopsis bilineatus) which had parasitic crustaceans attached to them by placing the parasitised fishes in looped raceways circulated by propeller pumps (sort of like an underwater treadmill). The ANU scientists measured both how fast the fish swam as well as the amount of oxygen they consumed. Not surprisingly, they discovered that parasitised fish struggled against the current and could not swim as fast. Analysis of respiration also showed that parasitised fish had higher resting metabolic rate than non-parasitised fish. The parasitic isopods were literally sucking the life out of their poor piscine host even when the fishes were idling. The research team then attached fake plastic figurines shaped like isopods to the fish and found their ability to swim was equally impacted. However, ttheir metabolic rate was unaffected. The results suggest parasitic isopods not only impact the hydrodynamics around the fish (making them swim less efficiently) but also have a direct negative physiological effect for their host fish ... a double whammy that really jeopardizes a fish ability to survive in the wild. Read the study, which was published in the Biology Letters on November 28, 2012. We trust that no aquarist could ever miss spotting such a big and unsightly ectoparasite on newly acquired fish, but we'll still take this opportunity to remind everyone that proper quarantining of new livestock is an important part of being a responsible (and successful) fishkeeper. Fish quarantine is a cheap and simple process, so you have no excuses. [via ABC Science] View the full article

Click through to see the images. There probably are few aquarium fish that are as beautiful, interesting and distinctive as the freshwater stingrays. They are typically the center of attention in any public or private exhibitry that they are displayed in. Certain special considerations, however, must be made to properly house them, which preclude many types of aquarium systems, aquascapes and tankmates outright. Still, while they require a high level of rather specialized husbandry, the rewards for successfully maintaining these remarkable animals are great. Several genera of freshwater stingrays appear in the ornamental fish trade. However, those of the genus Potamotrygon, the so-called river stingrays, are undoubtedly the most common. Reasons for this are many. They are strikingly handsome fishes. They reach relatively modest adult sizes. They generally accept a variety of readily available aquarium fish foods. Under the care of an experienced aquarist, long-term survivability is quite feasible. Most notably, they even can be bred and reared in captivity. During the rainy season, the Orinoco River can expand to a width of 14 miles (22 kilometers). Photo by Pedro Gutiérrez. A Venezuelan river ecosystem landscape. Photo by Anagoria. This piece discusses the classification, distribution, ecology and conservation of river stingrays; a following piece will discuss river stingray morphology, reproduction and husbandry. Classification The true rays and skates, Superorder Batoidea, are assigned (along with all other jawed cartilaginous fishes) to Class Chondrichthyes. They share Subclass Elasmobranchii with sharks and chimaeras. Rays account for about half of all elasmobranch species. Of the 500 or more described ray species, there are over 150 stingray species that are assigned to approximately 20 genera. Freshwater stingrays of the family Potamotrygonidae are assigned to the genera Paratrygon, Plesiotrygon, Heliotrygon and Potamotrygon. To date, as many as 20 described species are assigned to Potamotrygon. P. hystrix is recognized as the type species. Some aquarists use a P-number system (which is similar to the L-number system associated with loricariid catfishes) to classify these animals. P. hystrix, type species of Genus Potamotrygon. Illustration by Paul Louis Oudart. The beautiful P. tigrinawas just given a scientific name in 2011. Photo by Franklin Samir Dattein. Like other members of the genus, P. castexi can be found locked in ponds formed by receding floodwaters. Photo by Franklin Samir Dattein. Below is a complete list of the currently valid names of species included in Genus Potamotrygon. Potamotrygon boesemani Rosa, M. R. de Carvalho & Almeida Wanderley, 2008 (Emperor ray) Potamotrygon brachyura (Günther, 1880) (Short-tailed river stingray) Potamotrygon constellata (Vaillant, 1880) (Thorny river stingray) Potamotrygon falkneri Castex & Maciel, 1963 (Largespot river stingray) Potamotrygon henlei (Castelnau, 1855) (Bigtooth river stingray) Potamotrygon humerosa Garman, 1913 Potamotrygon hystrix (J. P. Müller & Henle, 1834) (Porcupine river stingray) Potamotrygon leopoldi Castex & Castello, 1970 (White-blotched river stingray) Potamotrygon magdalenae (A. H. A. Duméril, 1865) (Magdalena river stingray) Potamotrygon marinae Deynat, 2006 Potamotrygon motoro (J. P. Müller & Henle, 1841) (Ocellate river stingray) Potamotrygon ocellata (Engelhardt, 1912) (Red-blotched river stingray) Potamotrygon orbignyi (Castelnau, 1855) (Smooth back river stingray) Potamotrygon schroederi Fernández-Yépez, 1958 (Rosette river stingray) Potamotrygon schuhmacheri Castex, 1964 Potamotrygon scobina Garman, 1913 (Raspy river stingray) Potamotrygon signata Garman, 1913 (Parnaiba river stingray) Potamotrygon tatianae J. P. C. B. da Silva & M. R. de Carvalho, 2011 Potamotrygon tigrina M. R. de Carvalho, Sabaj Pérez & Lovejoy, 2011 (Tiger ray) Potamotrygon yepezi Castex & Castello, 1970 (Maracaibo river stingray) Genetic analysis of wild specimens suggests that the origin of the group can be attributed to a single colonization event. The role of hybridization in the speciation of the group, however, remains unclear. There is a considerable number of shared characteristics between species, as well as considerable variation within some species. The presently undescribed Itaituba river stingray (or P14), which evidently differs from P. henlei and P. leopoldi only in the size/number of spots, could possibly be one such variant or hybrid form. Indeed, some recent studies put into question the validity of the present taxonomic organization of these animals altogether. In the wild, P. henleifavors muddy bottoms where it preys heavily on gastropods. Photo by Christine Schmidt. Distribution/ecology Of the many, diverse elasmobranchs, Potamotrygonidae is the sole extent family that is completely restricted to freshwater. While potamotrygonids are primarily river dwelling (or potamodromous), they are capable of exploiting a variety of freshwater habitats. Potamotrygon is native to the murky river systems of neotropical South America. This highly specialized, monophyletic group occurs mainly within a narrow geographical range spanning the Amazon River Basin. Curiously, members of this genus are found only in those rivers that drain into the Caribbean Sea or Atlantic Ocean. However, they are not found in the upper Paraná basin, the northeastern Brazilian São Francisco basin, Argentinean rivers south of the La Plata River, or northeastern and southeastern Brazilian rainforest rivers that drain into the Atlantic Ocean. Potamotrygon usually inhabits ranges that are restricted to a single river system or basin. Usually, no more than a few species (P. motoro and P. orbignyi, for example) occur in the same basin. In certain cases, a species (P. leopoldi, for example) may be restricted to a single river. River stingrays dwell in a diverse range of freshwater environments, such as sandy lake beaches, flooded forests, and small, muddy creeks. Some species thrive under unusual environmental conditions such as very low pH or low dissolved oxygen concentrations (hence, one interesting adaptation to freshwater environments: the ability to float on the surface when bottom waters are oxygen poor). The distribution of P. orbignyi within Amazonian estuaries is influenced by seasonal fluctuations of salinity. Photo by Claire Powers. However, river stingrays are restricted to water where salt concentrations do not exceed 3.0 ppt. Interestingly, potamotrygonid blood chemistry differs appreciably from marine and euryhaline elasmobranchs. For instance, because the rectal gland excretes little or no salt, they are incapable of retaining urea. River stingrays tend to be more active at night, particularly while feeding. They are best described as nonspecialized predators. Wherever they occur, they generally are at the top of the food web. Adults prey mainly on fish, worms and small crustaceans, whereas juveniles prey mainly on small crustaceans and aquatic insects. Conservation As they typically inhabit relatively restricted ranges, potamotrygonid stingray populations are especially sensitive to harvest as well as environmental disturbances. Both indirect threats (e.g., habitat destruction due to development, mining, and damming) and direct threats (e.g., the indiscriminate killing of stingrays as pests, collection for the aquarium fish trade) have resulted in tight regulations for stingray "fisheries" as well as CITES II protection. To date, five river stingray species have been registered in the IUCN Red List as threatened. In the wild, P. leopoldifavors rocky river bottoms where it preys heavily on freshwater crabs. Photo by Michael-David Bradford. While river stingrays are seldom fished for food, they are often taken as trawl net bycatch. They are also under significant pressure from ornamental fisheries. Owing to a high incidence of hybridization (both intentional and accidental) within captive populations--and a growing demand for "pure" lines--trade in wild-caught specimens has become quite lucrative. This has not escaped the attention of individuals who now harvest river stingrays heavily in unprotected areas just outside the borders or poach where harvest is prohibited. 20,000 specimens are legally exported from Brazil annually, with some unknown number of individuals (especially P. henlei and P. leopoldi) exported illegally. Strangely enough, another estimated 20,000 individuals are destroyed each year during "cleanups" along stretches of river beaches frequented by tourists; the waste involved in this practice should be obvious to anyone. Commercial river stingray breeding facilities are currently operating in the United States, Germany and Southeast Asia. Fortunately, the use of PIT tagging in the trade is slowly regaining the confidence of consumers who are again relying on breeders, rather than collectors, to supply "pure stock." In fact, as breeders continue to increase production, they could potentially flood the market with captive bred product and all but neutralize the export of river stingrays from their native lands altogether. At the very least, relieving pressure on wild populations in this way could help to ensure that the existing legal harvest quotas will not be reduced, thereby keeping supply lines for wild genetics open. Sources Kuba, Michael J., Ruth A. Byrne and Gordon M. Burghardt. (2010). A new method for studying problem solving and tool use in stingrays (Potamotrygon castexi). Animal Cognition, 13(3), 507-513. Toffoli, Daniel, Tomas Hrbek, Maria Lúcia Góes de Araújo, Maurício Pinto de Almeida, Patricia Charvet-Almeida. (2008). A test of the utility of DNA barcoding in the radiation of the freshwater stingray genus Potamotrygon (Potamotrygonidae, Myliobatiformes). Genetics and Molecular Biology 31(1), 1-116. de Araújo, Maria, Lúcia Góes, Patricia Charvet-Almeida, Mauricio Pinto de Almeida and Henrique Pereira, Brazil. (2004). Conservation perspectives and management challenges for freshwater stingrays. Ichthyology at the Florida Museum of Natural History. 14, 10-12. Charvet-Almeida, Patricia, Maria Lúcia Góes de Araújo, Ricardo S. Rosa and Getúlio Rincón. (2002). Neotropical Freshwater Stingrays: diversity and conservation status. Ichthyology at the Florida Museum of Natural History. 14, 10-12. de Araújo, Maria, Lúcia Góes, Patricia Charvet-Almeida, Mauricio Pinto de Almeida and Henrique Pereira, Brazil. (2004). Conservation perspectives and management challenges for freshwater stingrays. Ichthyology at the Florida Museum of Natural History. 14, 10-12. Charvet-Almeida, Patricia, Maria Lúcia Góes de Araújo, Ricardo S. Rosa and Getúlio Rincón. (2002). Neotropical Freshwater Stingrays: diversity and conservation status. Ichthyology at the Florida Museum of Natural History. 14, 1-4. http://www.monsterfishkeepers.com/forums/showthread.php?t=172190 http://fishbase.org/summary/FamilySummary.php?ID=21 http://www.cites.org/common/com/ac/20/e20-inf-08.pdf http://www.raylady.com/Potamotrygon View the full article

Thanks for sharing all those build up photo with us.. Its awesome !!

Coral farm still have blue throat trigger, purple tang, lemon peel, small potter angel, lion fish, blue line angel,yellow belly regal, singapore angelfish, white bar maculosus angel, hawaiian black trigger, picasso trigger , pink tail trigger .. And one XL size large Yellow belly Regal Nice !!! For butterfly lover ;Red sea raccoon, mertensii butterfly, double saddle butterfly, yellow pryamid butterfly, Auriga butterfly, and pakistan butterfly Thats all i can remember for now..

Click through to see the images. This tank really brings us back to the formative years of our hobby. Reefkeeper Aaron Ro says most of the colonies are between 8-10 years old, with many propagated clones made throughout the years; The oldest toadstool has a lineage going back thirty years (early 1980s)! A Mystery Wrasse, Japanese Masked Angel pair, Banggai Cardinal, Marine Betta, and Yellowtail Damsel are the only fish to roam this lush soft coral garden. Maybe it's about time to make the old new again. Soft coral comeback, anyone? " height="408" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="680"> "> "> View the full article

Click through to see the images. This tank really brings us back to the formative years of our hobby. Reefkeeper Aaron Ro says most of the colonies are between 8-10 years old, with many propagated clones made throughout the years; The oldest toadstool has a lineage going back thirty years (early 1980s)! A Mystery Wrasse, Japanese Masked Angel pair, Banggai Cardinal, Marine Betta, and Yellowtail Damsel are the only fish to roam this lush soft coral garden. Maybe it's about time to make the old new again. Soft coral comeback, anyone? " height="408" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="680"> "> "> View the full article

Marine life just came in juv emperor angel.

Click through to see the images. Cairns Marine, Australia's largest family-owned aquarium collection business in operation for over three generations, is concerned about new Australian legislation that will impact them in 2014. Recently Federal Environment Minister Tony Burke announced a new marine park that will cover over one-million square kilometers in and around the Coral Sea. The new marine park will close two of their main collection sites and increase business fees, which may make business not feasible for them in the near future. According to Lyle Squire, Cairns Marine's Director, their business has received many best-practice awards for supplying fish to aquariums around the world. "When we spoke with Minister Burke about this issue he said that, look, make no bones about this, this is not about sustainability, this is about a conservation outcome," he said. (via ABC News) View the full article

Below is the schedule for the educational talk by both local and oversea speaker. Please show us your support by coming to the talks and you might learnt something new from them. For those attending the talk, there will also be a lucky draw after the talks with attractive prizes to be won !! Talks by both local and oversea speaker held on 08.12.2012 (Sat) Timing : 1330 to 1530 Hrs 1330 - 1400 How to set up a Frog Terrarium (Basic) - Speaker : Ronnie / Azmi from Green Chapter 1400 - 1430 How to set up a freshwater shrimp tank (Basic, Beginner) - Speaker : Ronnie / Azmi from Green Chapter 1430 - 1500 Salt versus natural seawater, and the importance of testing and supplementing in a reef aquariums. - Oversea Guest : Speaker Paul Besant from REDSEA 1500 - 1530 How to set up a freshwater aquarium tank (Basic, Beginner) - Speaker : Ronnie / Azmi from Green Chapter 1530 - Lucky Draw with attractive prizes to be won.

Marine Life still have Purple tang, yellow belly regal, orchid dotty-back, coral beauty and many others to come. They have a new shipment which just came in today, watch out for his updates !

Click through to see the images. Fluoxetine makes its way into natural freshwater waterways because waste treatment facilities are unable to filter the chemical from human urine. Until now, its effects on native fish populations was unknown. Researchers aimed to find out how a common North American fish species, the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) would respond to increasing dosages of Fluoxetine. The results were enlightening if not alarming. The experiment discovered male minnows exposed to concentrations of Fluoxetine equivalent to current peak measured levels in natural fresh water developed an increasing obsession with their nest-tending responsibilities while female minnows developed no observable changes. As researchers increased Fluoxetine dosage, the male fish began to focus almost exclusively on building nests and cleaning eggs to the point of ignoring females. At extremely high levels, the males enraged and actually began to kill females! The study shows the sometimes unexpected effects of human presence on wildlife. As pharmaceuticals levels increase, serious problems (I'd say killing off potential mates is considered a serious problem) may dramatically harm native fish' ability to reproduce. [via Nature News via Smithsonian Smart News] View the full article

Are you keeping the fish in a QT tank ? Most likely it is infected with ich which is common among new fish especially angel and butterfly . If you are keeping in a separate QT tank, you can treat it with copper or other medicence

What wrasse are u keeping? I don't think is any of your fish that eat the coral. Most likely is the coral stn. Sent from my GT-I9300 using Tapatalk 2

Go to our Dec event to get more inspiration... Sent from my GT-I9300 using Tapatalk 2