yikai

yah. but haven set up. lol.

nice! i also have a pico tank. kekeke. shh.

oversize skimmer is best but still need to do water change.

both are still v small mah.

the term asexually has been wrongly used many many many times. asexual reproduction means no gametes are release to continue and the organism reproduces by budding, or spreading etc. the offspring are clones and contain same genetic information as parents. sexual reproduction means gametes such as sperm, eggs, spores etc are released and the offspring have NEW genetic combinations via recombinant DNA from both parents. when macroalgae release all their gametes, they are sexually reproducing. this is bad because all these spores released will eventually die and release plenty of nutrients such as nitrate and phosphates. also, the high increase in spores will lower dissolved oxygen levels. technically it's not serious and will not crash your tank. a simple water change and running of chiller will work. crashing of tanks will only continue if nothing is done.

chinchai's sanguineus!

yes to a large extent. these fishes are not difficult to keep but very difficult to adapt. if acquired a healthy specimen that adapt fast, they make very hardy pets. but 90% of them don't eat and don't adapt, and die very quickly.

another armitagei

i thought you were comparing it with G. loreto. if you comparing with brasiliensis then yes, it looks identical and could be just a colour var.

i'm with the other party. the bone structure, markings and over-all appearance is so unlike G. loreto. so interesting! it's as if the yellow of loreto materialised into a full yellow dejongi, and the purple part of loreto materialised into sprungi!

all came before.

they have all came in before. but seldom.

AMAZING! two new species in the genus Gramma being discovered in such close time frames! First G. dejongi and now G. sprungi! Very interesting how all the species of Gramma are found in the Atlantic. I like G. sprungi! Very nice. Come to think of it, the sprungi and dejongi looks like as if the royal gramma has been split into two separate fishes!

Mg - 1500 Ca - 400 Kh - 7 Kh abit low. still tuning... very busy these days so taking veryyy long i'm so pleased with my Mg and Ca reading. it went up even though i did not dose much additives and with the help of my Cr. will test again tomorrow to double check. added a few more SPS frags.

green banded gobies left so many at iwarna.

how can sun coral be bleached if they do not have zooxanthellae? juvenile sun corals just after settlement will be translucent. only when they grow bigger can you tell the colour.

very nice halichoeres. exact ID. i dunno?

yes

can't wait

most poisons are protein based compounds which are easily denatured by heat. enzymes, proteins, poisons etc mostly protein based. heat will unfold the 3D structure of protein molecule and cause denaturation and disrupt the effects. However, since the heat from hot water is not exactly boiling, we cannot expect full denaturation to occur, and thus, only partial denaturation. This means the poison will not stop 100%, but the effect will be reduced. lionfish venom contains many heat sensitive labile proteins. immersing the hand in hot, but non scalding water will quickly denature them before spreading to the rest of the blood stream. do not use boiling water as the burn will hurt more than the sting. yes, vasodilation will occur (widening of surface blood vessels), but it's negligible and will not increase blood flow to the heart. vasodilation will increase bloodflow to the surface of the hands only. Surface blood vessels are very easily vasodilated. in order to dilate deeper vessels within the hand, heat is unlikely to do so. You may find the necessary information here on what to do with the sting. scroll to the bottom.

wow nice!!!!

done!

purple queen, purple anthias and evansi all share the same trait. i.e, they need to be fed alot and consistantly. 2-3 feedings a day is usually not enough for them. the only ones that have known to survive long term (in terms of many many months to more than a year) are those that are kept in systems with continuous feeding via a drip system. in public aquariums and tanks with continuous feeding of live baby brine shrimp, cyclopeeze etc via a pump, these anthias can survive well past what many reefers here deem as success (weeks to 1-2 months). success is not deemed by a few days to a few weeks or a few months. these fishes can live for almost a decade or more in the wild and success should be counted from half a year onwards AT LEAST. if you cannot provide the feedings that these anthias need, go for easier species like dispar, blue eye, bartletts etc. these are easier ones and can be fed 2-3 times a day.

yup

since the nematocysts from stings release protein based compounds and toxins, weak acids will help denture the protein. so yes, can be used. thanks. will add that in tomorrow.