On the issue of competition. What I feel is that microalgae is extremely effective at using up nutrients in the water. Not just the trace elements. Nitrates and phosphates will also be consumed rapidly. They will also take up some organic compounds form the water coloumn. All these are fine, but when they do it too well, there will be less nutrient available for the corals.
For me, I'm of the opinion that it's not ideal to feed corals (a lot), only for the food to be taken and grown into microalgae. This is what I mean when I say there is quite a lot of waste.
ATS, just like other mode of export, can be maintained and tuned. There are two ways which we can adjust the export level:
1. By limiting the amount of micro algae in the ats: less microalgae will have less ability to export nutrients. Conversely, if we keep the ats relatively full, then the overall export will be higher
2. By limiting the photoperiod. Algae requires light to grow, and they take up nutrients as they grow. If the photoperiod is short, the grow is slow, thus the export is slow.