Black Seahorse (Hippocampus erectus)

Scientific Name Hippocampus kuda

Reef Compatible Yes

Care Level Intermediate

Disposition Peaceful

Min. Tank Size 50 gallons

Mature Size 12 inches

Diet Carnivore

Range Indo-Pacific

The Black Seahorse, Hippocampus erectus, is one of the hardiest and most energetic seahorse species. In the wild they spend most of their time hunting for tiny crustaceans to consume while using slow movements and camouflage to mimic their surroundings and appear invisible to predators.

Although they are abundant in their sea grass habitat in the Atlantic Ocean on the East coast of North America and Brazil, they are a rare sight for divers because of their amazing ability to hide. The base color of these tank-bred seahorses is normally black, often with gray or silver markings. Seahorses are able to change color to match their environment or their mood.

These social fish thrive when kept as a mated pair or in small groups in a species-only aquarium. A 30 gallon aquarium is sufficient for a single pair. Add 20 gallons to the size of the aquarium for each additional pair.

Spray bars may be used to create gentle flow while eliminating stagnant areas in the aquarium. Seahorses are not strong swimmers, preferring to use their prehensile tails to hitch to branching live rock, algae, or artificial decorations. Seahorses are less likely to contract Vibrio bacterial infections if the temperature is not allowed to exceed 74°F.

This is particularly important if the aquarium contains other species of Syngnathids. It is also necessary to remove detritus and uneaten food daily. Calcium and alkalinity levels must be monitored and maintained to keep their bony plates healthy.